UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

Compromised bone marrow niches following irradiation limit hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) success by delaying immune reconstitution. Strategies to rebuild functional marrow environments are essential to support hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance. However, the fundamental relationship between bone formation and bone marrow niche development, and how these processes are modulated by key biological variables, remains poorly understood. Here, we present an alginate-gelatin...

CONCLUSION: MC remained the preferred modality for treating both unruptured and ruptured MCAb aneurysms, demonstrating superior immediate and final angiographic occlusion rates with minimal intraoperative and postoperative complications. SAC showed similar safety but was technically more challenging, FD had higher ischemic event rates, and SC had more delayed reruptures.

In contrast to living organisms, viruses were long thought to lack protein synthesis machinery and instead depend on host factors to translate viral transcripts. Here, we discover that giant DNA viruses encode a distinct and functional IF4F translation-initiation complex to drive protein synthesis, thereby blurring the line between cellular and acellular biology. During infection, eukaryotic IF4F on host ribosomes is replaced by an essential viral IF4F that regulates viral translation, virion...

Quantifying sleep quality in rodent models is critical for understanding its impact on neurological health and disease. Piezoelectric cage systems enable rapid, noninvasive measurement of multiple sleep metrics for large sample sizes of rodents. Although sleep duration is commonly reported, sleep fragmentation, which is a key feature of sleep architecture implicated in neurodegenerative disease, circadian rhythm disruption, and injury models, is not directly measured. We developed a standardized...

CONCLUSIONS: Living near a greater number of cannabis dispensaries within 1 mile of home appears to be associated with an increased risk of cannabis use. Web-scraped dispensary sources and United States government-maintained registry lists produce similar conclusions regarding the association of living near a greater number of dispensaries with young adult cannabis use.

CONCLUSION: Pipeline, SVB, and FRED Jr. FDs show similar safety and efficacy for unruptured DACA aneurysms. Complete occlusion is influenced by clinical and procedural factors, supporting individualized device selection.

INTRODUCTION: Although percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is widely recognized as an effective treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs), there is growing concern about the risk of subsequent VCF after the procedure. Prior studies suggest that the timing between primary VCF and PKP may affect future VCF, but there are limited data evaluating this timing, and no studies use data-driven methods to derive precise thresholds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine (1)...

CONCLUSIONS: Ceralasertib monotherapy demonstrated promising anti-tumor activity in ARID1A-deficient gynecologic malignancies. Tumor molecular and immune correlates may inform the further development of ATR inhibitors in this patient population.

CONCLUSIONS: Macroscopic measurements strongly predict histology in SKH1 photocarcinogenesis. Lesions ≥6.3 mm in diameter, ≥4.1 mm in height, or ≥ 46.8 mm³ in volume can be considered cancer with 100% PPV in this dataset. These thresholds provide practical, pathology-anchored endpoints for preclinical study design.

In death certificates Entity Axis reflects reported death causes in their original order, and Record Axis reflects standardized re-classifications processed with expert rules. Additionally, while conventional mortality statistics consider a single underlying cause ignoring multiple contributing conditions, weighting schemes may consider all listed causes. We evaluated the impact of re-classification and weighting schemes across all 56,986,831 US death certificates from 2003-2023. ICD-10 codes...

Programmable A-to-I RNA editing using endogenous ADAR enzymes is emerging as a therapeutic strategy, but editability remains difficult to predict because ADAR recognition depends on double-stranded RNA geometry and stability rather than sequence alone. We present A dar E dit , a structure-explicit graph-attention framework that represents each dsRNA substrate as a nucleotide graph with backbone and base-pair edges and augments this representation with typed interactions and a motif-sensitive...

Most proteins start to fold cotranslationally as they come off the ribosome. So far, studies of cotranslational folding have focused mainly on small, single-domain proteins. Here, we have used Force Profile Analysis to study the cotranslational folding of Firefly luciferase, a complex 550-residue protein composed of an N-terminal domain (NTD) encompassing two split Rossmann folds (RF-1, RF-2) and a β-roll, and a flexibly attached C-terminal domain (CTD). The folding process is characterized by a...

No abstract

CONCLUSIONS: GA significantly improved successful revascularization rates in patients undergoing EVT. In RCTs that enrolled patients based on established EVT inclusion criteria, the rate of good functional outcome at 90 days was significantly higher in patients undergoing EVT with GA compared with non-GA.

Aggressive B-cell lymphomas, driven by MYC overexpression, exhibit rapid progression, resistance to therapies, and poor survival. While chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells have demonstrated remarkable clinical efficacy in B-cell lymphomas, nearly half of patients who initially respond to CAR-T therapy eventually develop resistance and disease progression. In this study, we report the presence of residual drug-tolerant persister (DTP) and resistant lymphoma cells remaining within a...

Invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is considered the gold standard for the management of patients with an acute brain injury and at risk of developing intracranial hypertension (IH). However, invasive devices (e.g., intraparenchymal probe or external ventricular drain) are expensive, not available worldwide, and might be associated with some risks. Recently, a consensus for the monitoring and management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients when invasive ICP is not available...

Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a substantial health concern worldwide, with high mortality often associated with its elevated resistance levels. Combination antibiotic therapies have emerged as a viable strategy for addressing infections caused by these highly resistant pathogens, yet the evolutionary routes to resistance under such regimens remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated how resistance can emerge during exposure to combination therapy by conducting an in vitro evolutionary...

Ependymomas (EPN) are rare central nervous system tumors that account for approximately 10% of intracranial tumors in children and 4% in adults. Despite their clinical and molecular heterogeneity, spanning supratentorial, posterior fossa, and spinal subtypes, treatment remains limited to surgery and radiotherapy, with chemotherapy offering minimal benefit. Here, we performed transcriptomic analysis of 370 human ependymoma samples and identified two distinct molecular subgroups: EPN-E1 and...

Cross-cultural care is health care that intentionally considers individuals and populations within their cultural contexts. Ensuring that the medical system can care for all people across all cultures is a fundamental aspect of public health. This article describes key ideas and constructs relevant to cross-cultural care and explores how primary care clinicians can contribute to improved patient and public health. Utilizing skills and concepts from medical anthropology, primary care clinicians...

ZFTA-RELA^(+) ependymomas are malignant brain tumours defined by fusions formed between the putative chromatin remodeller ZFTA and the NF-κB mediator RELA¹. Here we show that ZFTA-RELA^(+) cells produce itaconate, a key macrophage-associated immunomodulatory metabolite². Itaconate is generated by cis-aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1; also known as IRG1). However, the production of itaconate by tumour cells and its tumour-intrinsic role are not well established. ACOD1 is upregulated in a...